J Mult Scler Neuroimmunol > Volume 16(1); 2025 > Article
Journal of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology 2025;16(1):1-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59578/jmsni.2025.16.1.1-7    Published online June 30, 2025.
신경학적 면역관문억제제 연관 부작용의 진단과 치료
현재원
국립암센터 신경과
Diagnosis and Management of Neurological Immune Related Adverse Events
Jae-Won Hyun
Department of Neurology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
Correspondence:  Jae-Won Hyun, Tel: +82-31-920-1660, Fax: +82-31-925-5524, 
Email: 12141@ncc.re.kr
Received: 28 March 2025   • Revised: 18 May 2025   • Accepted: 13 June 2025
Abstract
As the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) continues to rise, particularly in combination therapies, neurological immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are expected to become more prevalent in clinical practice. These neurological irAEs are rare but often present with atypical and multifocal manifestations, potentially leading to severe neurological impairments or even mortality. Treatment generally involves discontinuation of ICIs, along with corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and/or plasma exchange. Effective management requires early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach. To this end, a comprehensive understanding of neurological irAEs by clinicians is essential, and this review describes key considerations for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of neurological irAEs.
Key Words: Immune checkpoint inhibitor, Complication, Neurology, Treatment
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