1. Montalban X, Gold R, Thompson AJ, Otero-Romero S, Amato MP, Chandraratna D, et al. ECTRIMS/EAN guideline on the pharmacological treatment of people with multiple sclerosis.
Mult Scler 2018;24:96-120.
2. Rae-Grant A, Day GS, Marrie RA, Rabinstein A, Cree BAC, Gronseth GS, et al. Practice guideline recommendations summary: disease-modifying therapies for adults with multiple sclerosis: report of the guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.
Neurology 2018;90:777-788.
3. Kim SH, Park MS, Kim W, Huh SY, Shin HJ, Hyun JW, et al. Real-world effectiveness of disease-modifying therapies in Korean patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis.
J Clin Neurol 2019;15:20-26.
4. Thompson AJ, Banwell BL, Barkhof F, Carroll WM, Coetzee T, Comi G, et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria.
Lancet Neurol 2018;17:162-173.
6. Confavreux C, Vukusic S, Adeleine P. Early clinical predictors and progression of irreversible disability in multiple sclerosis: an amnesic process.
Brain 2003;126(Pt 4):770-782.
7. Calabresi PA, Radue EW, Goodin D, Jeffery D, Rammohan KW, Reder AT, et al. Safety and efficacy of fingolimod in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (FREEDOMS II): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Lancet Neurol 2014;13:545-556.
8. Rotstein DL, Healy BC, Malik MT, Chitnis T, Weiner HL. Evaluation of no evidence of disease activity in a 7-year longitudinal multiple sclerosis cohort.
JAMA Neurol 2015;72:152-158.
10. Spelman T, Magyari M, Piehl F, Svenningsson A, Rasmussen PV, Kant M, et al. Treatment escalation vs immediate initiation of highly effective treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: data from 2 different national strategies.
JAMA Neurol 2021;78:1197-1204.
11. Rovira A, Río J, Nos C, Téllez N, et al. Baseline MRI predicts future attacks and disability in clinically isolated syndromes.
Neurology 2006;67:968-972.
13. Fisniku LK, Brex PA, Altmann DR, Miszkiel KA, Benton CE, Lanyon R, et al. Disability and T2 MRI lesions: a 20-year follow-up of patients with relapse onset of multiple sclerosis.
Brain 2008;131(Pt 3):808-817.
14. Pfeuffer S, Rolfes L, Hackert J, Kleinschnitz K, Ruck T, Wiendl H, et al. Effectiveness and safety of cladribine in MS: real-world experience from two tertiary centres.
Mult Scler 2022;28:257-268.
16. Butzkueven H, Kappos L, Wiendl H, Trojano M, Spelman T, Chang I, et al. Long-term safety and effectiveness of natalizumab treatment in clinical practice: 10 years of real-world data from the Tysabri Observational Program (TOP).
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020;91:660-668.
17. Biernacki T, Sandi D, Füvesi J, Fricska-Nagy Z, Kincses TZ, Ács P, et al. The safety and efficacy of fingolimod: real-world data from a long-term, non-interventional study on the treatment of RRMS patients spanning up to 5 years from Hungary.
PLoS One 2022;17:e0267346.
18. Prosperini L, Ruggieri S, Haggiag S, Tortorella C, Pozzilli C, Gasperini C. Prognostic accuracy of NEDA-3 in long-term outcomes of multiple sclerosis.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2021;8:e1059.
20. Cagol A, Schaedelin S, Barakovic M, Benkert P, Todea RA, Rahmanzadeh R, et al. Association of brain atrophy with disease progression independent of relapse activity in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis.
JAMA Neurol 2022;79:682-692.
21. Tur C, Carbonell-Mirabent P, Cobo-Calvo Á, Otero-Romero S, Arrambide G, Midaglia L, et al. Association of early progression independent of relapse activity with long-term disability after a first demyelinating event in multiple sclerosis.
JAMA Neurol 2023;80:151-160.
22. Masanneck L, Rolfes L, Regner-Nelke L, Willison A, Räuber S, Steffen F, et al. Detecting ongoing disease activity in mildly affected multiple sclerosis patients under first-line therapies.
Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022;63:103927.
23. Brown JWL, Coles A, Horakova D, Havrdova E, Izquierdo G, Prat A, et al. Association of initial disease-modifying therapy with later conversion to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
JAMA 2019;321:175-187.
24. Harding K, Williams O, Willis M, Hrastelj J, Rimmer A, Joseph F, et al. Clinical outcomes of escalation vs early intensive disease-modifying therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis.
JAMA Neurol 2019;76:536-541.
25. He A, Merkel B, Brown JWL, Zhovits Ryerson L, Kister I, Malpas CB, et al. Timing of high-efficacy therapy for multiple sclerosis: a retrospective observational cohort study.
Lancet Neurol 2020;19:307-316.
26. Buron MD, Chalmer TA, Sellebjerg F, Barzinji I, Danny B, Christensen JR, et al. Initial high-efficacy disease-modifying therapy in multiple sclerosis: a nationwide cohort study.
Neurology 2020;95:e1041-e1051.
27. Kim SH, Lee EJ, Min JH, Kim SM, Shin HY, Kown YN, et al. Multiple sclerosis in Korea: a hospital-based, multicenter, epidemiological study.
JMSNI 2023;14:51-55.
28. Saposnik G, Montalban X. Therapeutic inertia in the new landscape of multiple sclerosis care.
Front Neurol 2018;9:174.
29. Saposnik G, Grueschow M, Oh J, Terzaghi MA, Kostyrko P, Vaidyanathan S, et al. Effect of an educational intervention on therapeutic inertia in neurologists with expertise in multiple sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial.
JAMA Netw Open 2020;3:e2022227.