A 75-year-old male with a 30-year history of ulcerative colitis requiring long-term oral corticosteroid therapy presented with a 6-month history of persistent headaches and gait disturbance. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement and thickening along the bilateral cerebral convexities (
Fig. 1A,
B). Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed a normal white blood cell count (0 cells/μL), but markedly elevated protein levels (167.3 mg/dL) and an increased immunoglobulin G index (0.75). A vasculitis panel was all negative. Testing for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies revealed positivity with an mean fluorescence intensity ratio of 4.00 (positive threshold >3.65). Finally, the patient was diagnosed with MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) presenting as pachymeningitis. After treatment with oral prednisolone and azathioprine, the patient demonstrated gradual clinical improvement, and the follow-up brain MRI after 3 months of treatment showed significant resolution of the pachymeningitis (
Fig. 1C,
D). Clinicians should be mindful that MOGAD can present with a wide variety of clinical manifestations, including pachymeningitis.
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